Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
The Shroud of Turin was not a good candidate for Libby’s new carbon dating method because too much of the cloth would have needed to be cut away and destroyed by incinerating it to extract the carbon. But a new method using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry would allow the cloth’s age to be determined using a much smaller sample. And that is what happened in 1988. And Teddy Hall made his flat earth quip.
The radiocarbon dating results did stimulate debate. The first responses from shroud apologists were a series of poorly developed and scientifically questionable hypotheses. For instance, some suggested that a fire in 1532, which nearly destroyed the shroud, somehow changed that ratio of carbon 14 to carbon 12 and carbon 13 isotopes in the cloth. Others suggested that a biological polymer had grown on the fibers of the cloth and that this newer material skewed the results. But these ideas, when understood, did not gain much support among scientists.
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Biggest Carbon Dating Mistake
Twenty-One Scientists
Inappropriate Question
Without carbon there would be no life as we know
The Abundance of Carbon
Other Possibilities
Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaea and Bacteria
The Making of Carbon 14
Carbon 14 Has a Mind of Its Own
As soon as a plant dies it stops taking on carbon
Antoine Henri Becquerel
Marie Curie
Geiger and Libby
Carbon Dating: The Idea
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
What Rogers Discovered
Mixed Reaction to the Carbon Dating
Conspiracy Theory Erupted
Cardinal Ballestrero
Dmitri Kouznetsov
William Meacham on Kouznet
And indeed shroud researchers, who for awhile
The Manchester Museum
Naked Mummies
Mummy 1770
The Manchester Museum Mummy Project
Garza-Valdes and the Mayan Jade Artifact
The Ibis Mummy
Conflicting Results
U.S. News & World Report
Garza-Valdes and the Scanning Electron Microscope
No Bioplastic
M. Sue Benford and Joe Marino
Rogers was Skeptical
Ray Rogers and Anna Arnoldi in 2002
Evidence of Dying
Several years earlier,
Lignin and Vanillin
Vanillin Analysis Significant
Rogers Exercises Caution
John L. Brown
Lloyd A. Currie
William Meacham
Ultraviolet and X-ray
Red Flags Ignored
Facts vs Explanations
Mechthild Flury-Lemberg a Holdout
Without a Trace: French Reweaving
Robert Villarreal from the Los Alamos National Laboratory
Chemistry Today Article
Tartar Relation
McCrone and the Vinland Map
Myths about the Vinland Map Persist
Trusting Carbon Dating
Inexplicable Results in Carbon Dating
William Meacham Summarizes